OK. See:
Create 3D text and logos with CINEMA 4D Composition Renderer
Basically you can use the standard, Ray-traced (depreciated), or Cinema 4D (C4D) renders for any composition. Each has pros and cons / enabled and disabled features - but the C4D render will be far faster than Ray-traced, which I'd strongly recommend you don't use.
You can either use the C4D renderer to extrude and render layers directly in Ae - my suggestion for your needs. But if you need more than this you can use it in conjunction with a dynamic link to a bundled 'C4D Lite' version ( effectively a plugin) included with AE. This workflow is slower, more difficult and likely more than you need. Use the C4D engine to directly extude your layers in AE.
If you need more than this I'd go back to my previous suggestion and recommend moving to a true 3D program.